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2026-03-31SSL: compatibility with OpenSSL 4.0.Sergey Kandaurov3-9/+36
X509_get_issuer_name() and X509_get_subject_name() were changed to return a const value. Since it is passed to functions with a non const argument in older versions, the const modifier is conditionally compiled as needed. ASN1_INTEGER was made opaque. ASN1_STRING accessors are used to preserve the behaviour. ASN1_STRING_get0_data() compat shim is provided for OpenSSL < 1.1.0 where it does not exist.
2026-03-09Upstream: added sticky sessions support for upstreams.Vladimir Homutov1-1/+6
Sticky sessions allow to route the same client to the same upstream server. - upstream structures are extended to keep session-related information - existing balancing modules are updated to provide an id of the selected server (SID) in pc->sid, and to select the server, given it's SID. - other balancing modules are allowed to set the pc->hint value to choose the desired peer. The sticky module will not change the hint if it's already set. - the feature is enabled by default and can be disabled with the "--without-http_upstream_sticky" switch of the configure script. The following configuration can be used to enable sticky sessions for supported balancing modules: upstream u1 { server 127.0.0.1:8080; server 127.0.0.1:8081; sticky cookie server_id expires=1h domain=.example.com path=/; } Co-authored-by: Ruslan Ermilov <ru@nginx.com> Co-authored-by: Roman Arutyunyan <arut@nginx.com> Co-authored-by: Maxim Dounin <mdounin@mdounin.ru>
2026-02-27QUIC: improved error handling in OpenSSL compat layer.user.email1-2/+10
Previously ngx_quic_compat_create_record() could try to encrypt a TLS record even if encryption context was missing, which resulted in a NULL pointer dereference. The context is created by ngx_quic_compat_set_encryption_secret() called from the OpenSSL keylog callback. If an error occurred in that function, the context could remain missing. This could happen under memory pressure, if an allocation failed inside this function. The fix is to handle errors from ngx_quic_compat_set_encryption_secret() and set qc->error to trigger an error after SSL_do_handshake() return. Also, a check for context is added to ngx_quic_compat_create_record() to avoid other similar issues.
2026-02-27QUIC: worker-bound stateless reset tokens.Roman Arutyunyan1-2/+6
Previously, it was possible to obtain a stateless reset token for a connection by routing its packet to a wrong worker. This allowed to terminate the connection. The fix is to bind stateless reset token to the worker number.
2026-02-26QUIC: fixed bpf compilation with newer Linux kernels.Roman Arutyunyan2-22/+27
QUIC bpf program previously used struct bpf_map_def which was deprecated in [1] (kernel version 5.18) and removed in [2] (kernel 6.1). New-style BTF map definitions were added in [3] (linux kernel 5.3). Switching the program to BTF is however not necessary since nginx has its own relocation procedure which allows referencing the real map structure by its file descriptor allocated earlier. In particular, bpf instruction BPF_LD_IMM64 (0x18/0x0) is substituted with instruction BPF_LD_MAP_FD (0x18/0x1) and map_fd is stored in the imm field, see [4] and [5] for details. To fix compilation, struct bpf_map_def is changed to a known type (int) and "extern" is added to indicate external linkage and reduce object file size. [1] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/93b8952d223af03c51fba0c6258173d2ffbd2cb7 [2] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/dc567045f1590f6460d3e9a6ea6ad5e600b58b84 [3] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/abd29c9314595b1ee5ec6c61d7c49a497ffb30a3 [4] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/linux/filter.h [5] https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc9669/
2026-02-26QUIC: Stateless Reset rate limiting.Sergey Kandaurov1-4/+61
It uses a bloom filter to limit sending Stateless Reset packets no more than once per second in average for the given address. This allows to address resource asymmetry from precomputed packets, as well as to limit potential Stateless Reset exchange.
2026-02-26QUIC: refactored ngx_quic_address_hash().Sergey Kandaurov3-4/+9
Now it accepts an optional salt, to be used in a subsequent change.
2026-02-26QUIC: moved ngx_quic_address_hash().Sergey Kandaurov3-49/+48
2026-02-26QUIC: limited size of generated Stateless Reset packets.Sergey Kandaurov1-2/+2
Made sure to send packets smaller than the triggering packet, following RFC 9000, Section 10.3.3. Reported-by: cyberspace61
2026-02-26QUIC: adjusted minimum packet size to send Stateless Reset.Sergey Kandaurov1-1/+1
Now to be valid, it also assumes the Connection ID we require from a client.
2025-12-17SSL: logging level of the "ech_required" TLS alert.Roman Arutyunyan1-0/+1
The alert is send by a client after its ECH configuration was rejected by a server.
2025-12-09QUIC: fixed possible segfault on handshake failures.Jan Svojanovsky1-0/+6
When using OpenSSL 3.5, the crypto_release_rcd QUIC callback can be called late, after the QUIC connection was already closed on handshake failure, resulting in a segmentation fault. For instance, it happened if a client Finished message didn't align with a record boundary.
2025-12-04SSL: avoid warning when ECH is not configured and not supported.QirunGao1-3/+6
2025-12-01Add basic ECH shared-mode via OpenSSL.sftcd2-0/+177
2025-11-10SSL: fixed build with BoringSSL, broken by 38a701d88.Sergey Kandaurov1-1/+1
2025-11-10SSL: ngx_ssl_set_client_hello_callback() error handling.Sergey Kandaurov2-7/+20
The function interface is changed to follow a common approach to other functions used to setup SSL_CTX, with an exception of "ngx_conf_t *cf" since it is not bound to nginx configuration. This is required to report and propagate SSL_CTX_set_ex_data() errors, as reminded by Coverity (CID 1668589).
2025-10-24SSL: $ssl_sigalg, $ssl_client_sigalg.Sergey Kandaurov2-0/+56
Variables contain the IANA name of the signature scheme[1] used to sign the TLS handshake. Variables are only meaningful when using OpenSSL 3.5 and above, with older versions they are empty. Moreover, since this data isn't stored in a serialized session, variables are only available for new sessions. [1] https://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xhtml Requested by willmafh.
2025-10-08SSL: support for compressed server certificates with BoringSSL.Sergey Kandaurov2-0/+190
BoringSSL/AWS-LC provide two callbacks for each compression algorithm, which may be used to compress and decompress certificates in runtime. This change implements compression support with zlib, as enabled with the ssl_certificate_compression directive. Compressed certificates are stored in certificate exdata and reused in subsequent connections. Notably, AWS-LC saves an X509 pointer in SSL connection, which allows to use it from SSL_get_certificate() for caching purpose. In contrast, BoringSSL reconstructs X509 on-the-fly, though given that it doesn't support multiple certificates, always replacing previously configured certificates, we use the last configured one from ssl->certs, instead.
2025-10-06SSL: fixed "key values mismatch" with object cache inheritance.Sergey Kandaurov2-12/+63
In rare cases, it was possible to get into this error state on reload with improperly updated file timestamps for certificate and key pairs. The fix is to retry on X509_R_KEY_VALUES_MISMATCH, similar to 5d5d9adcc. Additionally, loading SSL certificate is updated to avoid certificates discarded on retry to appear in ssl->certs and in extra chain.
2025-09-25SSL: AWS-LC compatibility.Sergey Kandaurov3-3/+4
2025-09-25QUIC: a new macro to differentiate BoringSSL specific EVP API.Sergey Kandaurov2-16/+18
2025-09-25QUIC: localized OpenSSL headers used for QUIC protection.Sergey Kandaurov2-8/+6
2025-09-25SNI: support for early ClientHello callback with BoringSSL.Sergey Kandaurov2-0/+39
This brings feature parity with OpenSSL after the previous change, making it possible to set SSL protocols per virtual server.
2025-09-25SNI: using the ClientHello callback.Sergey Kandaurov2-0/+100
The change introduces an SNI based virtual server selection during early ClientHello processing. The callback is available since OpenSSL 1.1.1; for older OpenSSL versions, the previous behaviour is kept. Using the ClientHello callback sets a reasonable processing order for the "server_name" TLS extension. Notably, session resumption decision now happens after applying server configuration chosen by SNI, useful with enabled verification of client certificates, which brings consistency with BoringSSL behaviour. The change supersedes and reverts a fix made in 46b9f5d38 for TLSv1.3 resumed sessions. In addition, since the callback is invoked prior to the protocol version negotiation, this makes it possible to set "ssl_protocols" on a per-virtual server basis. To keep the $ssl_server_name variable working with TLSv1.2 resumed sessions, as previously fixed in fd97b2a80, a limited server name callback is preserved in order to acknowledge the extension. Note that to allow third-party modules to properly chain the call to ngx_ssl_client_hello_callback(), the servername callback function is passed through exdata.
2025-09-12QUIC: fixed ssl_reject_handshake error handling.Sergey Kandaurov1-11/+16
This was broken in 7468a10b6 (1.29.0), resulting in a missing diagnostics and SSL error queue not cleared for SSL handshakes rejected by SNI, seen as "ignoring stale global SSL error" alerts, for instance, when doing SSL shutdown of a long standing connection after rejecting another one by SNI. The fix is to move the qc->error check after c->ssl->handshake_rejected is handled first, to make the error queue cleared. Although not practicably visible as needed, this is accompanied by clearing the error queue under the qc->error case as well, to be on the safe side. As an implementation note, due to the way of handling invalid transport parameters for OpenSSL 3.5 and above, which leaves a passed pointer not advanced on error, SSL_get_error() may return either SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ or SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE depending on a library. To cope with that, both qc->error and c->ssl->handshake_rejected checks were moved out of "sslerr != SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ". Also, this reconstructs a missing "SSL_do_handshake() failed" diagnostics for the qc->error case, replacing using ngx_ssl_connection_error() with ngx_connection_error(). It is made this way to avoid logging at the crit log level because qc->error set is expected to have an empty error queue. Reported and tested by Vladimir Homutov.
2025-08-03SSL: support for compressed server certificates with OpenSSL.Sergey Kandaurov2-0/+32
The ssl_certificate_compression directive allows to send compressed server certificates. In OpenSSL, they are pre-compressed on startup. To simplify configuration, the SSL_OP_NO_TX_CERTIFICATE_COMPRESSION option is automatically cleared if certificates were pre-compressed. SSL_CTX_compress_certs() may return an error in legitimate cases, e.g., when none of compression algorithms is available or if the resulting compressed size is larger than the original one, thus it is silently ignored. Certificate compression is supported in Chrome with brotli only, in Safari with zlib only, and in Firefox with all listed algorithms. It is supported since Ubuntu 24.10, which has OpenSSL with enabled zlib and zstd support. The actual list of algorithms supported in OpenSSL depends on how the library was configured; it can be brotli, zlib, zstd as listed in RFC 8879.
2025-08-03SSL: disabled certificate compression by default with OpenSSL.Sergey Kandaurov1-0/+5
Certificate compression is supported since OpenSSL 3.2, it is enabled automatically as negotiated in a TLSv1.3 handshake. Using certificate compression and decompression in runtime may be suboptimal in terms of CPU and memory consumption in certain typical scenarios, hence it is disabled by default on both server and client sides. It can be enabled with ssl_conf_command and similar directives in upstream as appropriate, for example: ssl_conf_command Options RxCertificateCompression; ssl_conf_command Options TxCertificateCompression; Compressing server certificates requires additional support, this is addressed separately.
2025-07-11Events: compatibility with NetBSD 10.0 in kqueue.Sergey Kandaurov1-2/+2
The kevent udata field was changed from intptr_t to "void *", similar to other BSDs and Darwin. The NGX_KQUEUE_UDATA_T macro is adjusted to reflect that change, fixing -Werror=int-conversion errors.
2025-07-11Configure: set NGX_KQUEUE_UDATA_T at compile time.Sergey Kandaurov1-0/+9
The NGX_KQUEUE_UDATA_T macro is used to compensate the incompatible kqueue() API in NetBSD, it doesn't really belong to feature tests. The change limits the macro visibility to the kqueue event module. Moving from autotests also simplifies testing a particular NetBSD version as seen in a subsequent change.
2025-07-11Events: fixed -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant warnings in kqueue.Sergey Kandaurov1-2/+2
The kevent udata field is special in that we maintain compatibility with NetBSD versions that predate using the "void *" type. The fix is to cast to intermediate uintptr_t that is casted back to "void *" where appropriate.
2025-07-10SSL: fixed testing OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER for OpenSSL 3.0+.Sergey Kandaurov2-2/+2
Prior to OpenSSL 3.0, OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER used the following format: MNNFFPPS: major minor fix patch status Where the status nibble (S) has 0+ for development and f for release. The format was changed in OpenSSL 3.0.0, where it is always zero: MNN00PP0: major minor patch
2025-07-10SSL: SSL_group_to_name() compatibility macro.Sergey Kandaurov2-12/+5
No functional changes.
2025-07-03QUIC: adjusted OpenSSL 3.5 QUIC API feature test.Sergey Kandaurov1-5/+2
A bug with the "quic_transport_parameters" extension and SNI described in cedb855d7 is now fixed in the OpenSSL 3.5.1 release, as requested in https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/27706.
2025-06-23QUIC: disabled OpenSSL 3.5 QUIC API support by default.Sergey Kandaurov1-1/+4
In OpenSSL 3.5.0, the "quic_transport_parameters" extension set internally by the QUIC API is cleared on the SSL context switch, which disables sending QUIC transport parameters if switching to a different server block on SNI. See the initial report in [1]. This is fixed post OpenSSL 3.5.0 [2]. The fix is anticipated in OpenSSL 3.5.1, which has not been released yet. When building with OpenSSL 3.5, OpenSSL compat layer is now used by default. The OpenSSL 3.5 QUIC API support can be switched back using --with-cc-opt='-DNGX_QUIC_OPENSSL_API=1'. [1] https://github.com/nginx/nginx/issues/711 [2] https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/45bd3c3798
2025-06-21Use NULL instead of 0 for null pointer constant.Andrew Clayton2-2/+2
There were a few random places where 0 was being used as a null pointer constant. We have a NULL macro for this very purpose, use it. There is also some interest in actually deprecating the use of 0 as a null pointer constant in C. This was found with -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant which was enabled for C in GCC 15 (not enabled with Wall or Wextra... yet). Link: <https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=117059>
2025-05-27Core: added support for TCP keepalive parameters on macOS.Sergey Kandaurov1-0/+17
The support first appeared in OS X Mavericks 10.9 and documented since OS X Yosemite 10.10. It has a subtle implementation difference from other operating systems in that the TCP_KEEPALIVE socket option (used in place of TCP_KEEPIDLE) isn't inherited from a listening socket to an accepted socket. An apparent reason for this behaviour is that it might be preserved for the sake of backward compatibility. The TCP_KEEPALIVE socket option is not inherited since appearance in OS X Panther 10.3, which long predates two other TCP_KEEPINTVL and TCP_KEEPCNT socket options. Thanks to Andy Pan for initial work.
2025-05-26SSL: disabled UI console prompts from worker processes.Aleksei Bavshin1-1/+20
Certain providers may attempt to reload the key on the first use after a fork. Such attempt would require re-prompting the pin, and this time we are not able to pass the password callback. While it is addressable with configuration for a specific provider, it would be prudent to ensure that no such prompts could block worker processes by setting the default UI method. UI_null() first appeared in 1.1.1 along with the OSSL_STORE, so it is safe to assume the same set of guards.
2025-05-26SSL: support loading keys via OSSL_STORE.Aleksei Bavshin1-5/+81
A new "store:..." prefix for the "ssl_certificate_key" directive allows loading keys via the OSSL_STORE API. The change is required to support hardware backed keys in OpenSSL 3.x using the new "provider(7ossl)" modules, such as "pkcs11-provider". While the engine API is present in 3.x, some operating systems (notably, RHEL10) have already disabled it in their builds of OpenSSL. Related: https://trac.nginx.org/nginx/ticket/2449
2025-05-23QUIC: using QUIC API introduced in OpenSSL 3.5.Sergey Kandaurov3-46/+375
Similarly to the QUIC API originated in BoringSSL, this API allows to register custom TLS callbacks for an external QUIC implementation. See the SSL_set_quic_tls_cbs manual page for details. Due to a different approach used in OpenSSL 3.5, handling of CRYPTO frames was streamlined to always write an incoming CRYPTO buffer to the crypto context. Using SSL_provide_quic_data(), this results in transient allocation of chain links and buffers for CRYPTO frames received in order. Testing didn't reveal performance degradation of QUIC handshakes, https://github.com/nginx/nginx/pull/646 provides specific results.
2025-05-23QUIC: better approach for premature handshake completion.Sergey Kandaurov1-1/+1
Using SSL_in_init() to inspect a handshake state was replaced with SSL_is_init_finished(). This represents a more complete fix to the BoringSSL issue addressed in 22671b37e. This provides awareness of the early data handshake state when using OpenSSL 3.5 TLS callbacks in 0-RTT enabled configurations, which, in particular, is used to avoid premature completion of the initial TLS handshake, before required client handshake messages are received. This is a non-functional change when using BoringSSL. It supersedes testing non-positive SSL_do_handshake() results in all supported SSL libraries, hence simplified. In preparation for using OpenSSL 3.5 TLS callbacks.
2025-05-23QUIC: ssl_encryption_level_t abstraction layer.Sergey Kandaurov13-128/+174
Encryption level values are decoupled from ssl_encryption_level_t, which is now limited to BoringSSL QUIC callbacks, with mappings provided. Although the values match, this provides a technically safe approach, in particular, to access protection level sized arrays. In preparation for using OpenSSL 3.5 TLS callbacks.
2025-05-23QUIC: factored out SSL_provide_quic_data() to the helper function.Sergey Kandaurov1-17/+36
It is now called from ngx_quic_handle_crypto_frame(), prior to proceeding with the handshake. With this logic removed, the handshake function is renamed to ngx_quic_handshake() to better match ngx_ssl_handshake().
2025-05-23QUIC: defined SSL API macros in a single place.Sergey Kandaurov4-20/+17
All definitions now set in ngx_event_quic.h, this includes moving NGX_QUIC_OPENSSL_COMPAT from autotests to compile time. Further, to improve code readability, a new NGX_QUIC_QUICTLS_API macro is used for QuicTLS that provides old BoringSSL QUIC API.
2025-05-23QUIC: logging missing mandatory TLS extensions only once.Sergey Kandaurov1-8/+15
Previously, they might be logged on every add_handshake_data callback invocation when using OpenSSL compat layer and processing coalesced handshake messages. Further, the ALPN error message is adjusted to signal the missing extension. Possible reasons were previously narrowed down with ebb6f7d65 changes in the ALPN callback that is invoked earlier in the handshake.
2025-05-23QUIC: reset qc->error to zero again.Sergey Kandaurov2-4/+4
Following the previous change that removed posting a close event in OpenSSL compat layer, now ngx_quic_close_connection() is always called on error path with either NGX_ERROR or qc->error set. This allows to remove a special value -1 served as a missing error, which simplifies the code. Partially reverts d3fb12d77. Also, this improves handling of the draining connection state, which consists of posting a close event with NGX_OK and no qc->error set, where it was previously converted to NGX_QUIC_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR. Notably, this is rather a cosmetic fix, because drained connections do not send any packets including CONNECTION_CLOSE, and qc->error is not otherwise used.
2025-05-23QUIC: adjusted handling of callback errors.Sergey Kandaurov3-16/+22
Changed handshake callbacks to always return success. This allows to avoid logging SSL_do_handshake() errors with empty or cryptic "internal error" OpenSSL error messages at the inappropriate "crit" log level. Further, connections with failed callbacks are closed now right away when using OpenSSL compat layer. This change supersedes and reverts c37fdcdd1, with the conditions to check callbacks invocation kept to slightly improve code readability of control flow; they are optimized out in the resulting assembly code.
2025-05-23QUIC: logging of SSL library errors.Sergey Kandaurov1-4/+4
Logging level for such errors, which should not normally happen, is changed to NGX_LOG_ALERT, and ngx_log_error() is replaced with ngx_ssl_error() for consistency with the rest of the code.
2025-05-23QUIC: logging level of handshake errors.Sergey Kandaurov3-4/+4
Various errors reported by SSL_do_handshake() are now logged at the "info" or "crit" level, akin to handshakes on regular TCP connections.
2025-05-23QUIC: removed ALPN feature test.Sergey Kandaurov1-8/+2
ALPN support is present in all libraries that have QUIC support, it is safe to compile it unconditionally.
2025-05-23QUIC: removed excessive casts for ngx_ssl_get_connection().Sergey Kandaurov1-6/+6
They were blindly copied from ngx_ssl_info_callback(), where the ngx_ssl_conn_t pointer is passed with const qualifier.