Specifying the upstream server by a hostname together with the
"resolve" parameter will make the hostname to be periodically
resolved, and upstream servers added/removed as necessary.

This requires a "resolver" at the "http" configuration block.

The "resolver_timeout" parameter also affects when the failed
DNS requests will be attempted again.  Responses with NXDOMAIN
will be attempted again in 10 seconds.

Upstream has a configuration generation number that is incremented each
time servers are added/removed to the primary/backup list.  This number
is remembered by the peer.init method, and if peer.get detects a change
in configuration, it returns NGX_BUSY.

Each server has a reference counter.  It is incremented by peer.get and
decremented by peer.free.  When a server is removed, it is removed from
the list of servers and is marked as "zombie".  The memory allocated by
a zombie peer is freed only when its reference count becomes zero.

Co-authored-by: Roman Arutyunyan <arut@nginx.com>
Co-authored-by: Sergey Kandaurov <pluknet@nginx.com>
Co-authored-by: Vladimir Homutov <vl@nginx.com>

The "proxy_half_close" directive enables handling of TCP half close.  If
enabled, connection to proxied server is kept open until both read ends get
EOF.  Write end shutdown is properly transmitted via proxy.

Variables now do not depend on presence of the HTTP status code in response.
If the corresponding event occurred, variables contain time between request
creation and the event, and "-" otherwise.

Previously, intermediate value of the $upstream_response_time variable held
unix timestamp.

Previously, only one client packet could be processed in a udp stream session
even though multiple response packets were supported.  Now multiple packets
coming from the same client address and port are delivered to the same stream
session.

If it's required to maintain a single stream of data, nginx should be
configured in a way that all packets from a client are delivered to the same
worker.  On Linux and DragonFly BSD the "reuseport" parameter should be
specified for this.  Other systems do not currently provide appropriate
mechanisms.  For these systems a single stream of udp packets is only
guaranteed in single-worker configurations.

The proxy_response directive now specifies how many packets are expected in
response to a single client packet.

It is to be used as a bitmask with various bits set/reset when appropriate.
63b8b157b776 made a similar change to ngx_http_upstream_rr_peer_t.down and
ngx_stream_upstream_rr_peer_t.down.

Previously, an unavailable peer was considered recovered after a successful
proxy session to this peer.  Until then, only a single client connection per
fail_timeout was allowed to be proxied to the peer.

Since stream sessions can be long, it may take indefinite time for a peer to
recover, limiting the ability of the peer to receive new connections.

Now, a peer is considered recovered after a successful TCP connection is
established to it.  Balancers are notified of this event via the notify()
callback.

This fixes inconsistency in what is stored in the "host" field.
Normally it would contain the "host" part of the parsed URL
(e.g., proxy_pass with variables), but for the case of an
implicit upstream specified with literal address it contained
the text representation of the socket address (that is, host
including port for IP).

Now the "host" field always contains the "host" part of the URL,
while the text representation of the socket address is stored
in the newly added "name" field.

The ngx_http_upstream_create_round_robin_peer() function was
modified accordingly in a way to be compatible with the code
that does not know about the new "name" field.

The "stream" code was similarly modified except for not adding
compatibility in ngx_stream_upstream_create_round_robin_peer().

This change is also a prerequisite for the next change.

External structures are now identical regardless of stream SSL module
compiled in or not.