Binary upgrades are not supported without master process, but it is,
however, possible, that nginx running with master process is asked
to upgrade binary, and the configuration file as available on disk
at this time includes "master_process off;".

If this happens, listening sockets inherited from the previous binary
will have ls[i].previous set.  But the old cycle on initial process
startup, including startup after binary upgrade, is destroyed by
ngx_init_cycle() once configuration parsing is complete.  As a result,
an attempt to dereference ls[i].previous in ngx_event_process_init()
accesses already freed memory.

Fix is to avoid looking into ls[i].previous if the old cycle is already
freed.

With this change it is also no longer needed to clear ls[i].previous in
worker processes, so the relevant code was removed.

Previously, if an event was posted by a read event handler, called by
ngx_close_idle_connections(), that event was not processed until the next
event loop iteration, which could happen after a timeout.

When reading exactly rev->available bytes, rev->available might become 0
after FIONREAD usage introduction in efd71d49bde0.  On the next call of
ngx_readv_chain() on systems with EPOLLRDHUP this resulted in return without
any actions, that is, with rev->ready set, and this in turn resulted in no
timers set in event pipe, leading to socket leaks.

Fix is to reset rev->ready in ngx_readv_chain() when returning due to
rev->available being 0 with EPOLLRDHUP, much like it is already done in
ngx_unix_recv().  This ensures that if rev->available will become 0, on
systems with EPOLLRDHUP support appropriate EPOLLRDHUP-specific handling
will happen on the next ngx_readv_chain() call.

While here, also synced ngx_readv_chain() to match ngx_unix_recv() and
reset rev->ready when returning due to rev->available being 0 with kqueue.
This is mostly cosmetic change, as rev->ready is anyway reset when
rev->available is set to 0.

In 7583:efd71d49bde0 (nginx 1.17.5) along with introduction of the
ioctl(FIONREAD) support proper handling of systems without EPOLLRDHUP
support in the kernel (but with EPOLLRDHUP in headers) was broken.

Before the change, rev->available was never set to 0 unless
ngx_use_epoll_rdhup was also set (that is, runtime test for EPOLLRDHUP
introduced in 6536:f7849bfb6d21 succeeded).  After the change,
rev->available might reach 0 on systems without runtime EPOLLRDHUP
support, stopping further reading in ngx_readv_chain() and ngx_unix_recv().
And, if EOF happened to be already reported along with the last event,
it is not reported again by epoll_wait(), leading to connection hangs
and timeouts on such systems.

This affects Linux kernels before 2.6.17 if nginx was compiled
with newer headers, and, more importantly, emulation layers, such as
DigitalOcean's App Platform's / gVisor's epoll emulation layer.

Fix is to explicitly check ngx_use_epoll_rdhup before the corresponding
rev->pending_eof tests in ngx_readv_chain() and ngx_unix_recv().

The NGX_HAVE_ADDRINFO_CMSG macro is defined when at least one of methods
to deal with corresponding control message is available.

The SF_NOCACHE flag, introduced in FreeBSD 11 along with the new non-blocking
sendfile() implementation by glebius@, makes it possible to use sendfile()
along with the "directio" directive.

Starting with FreeBSD 11, there is no need to use AIO operations to preload
data into cache for sendfile(SF_NODISKIO) to work.  Instead, sendfile()
handles non-blocking loading data from disk by itself.  It still can, however,
return EBUSY if a page is already being loaded (for example, by a different
process).  If this happens, we now post an event for the next event loop
iteration, so sendfile() is retried "after a short period", as manpage
recommends.

The limit of the number of EBUSY tolerated without any progress is preserved,
but now it does not result in an alert, since on an idle system event loop
iteration might be very short and EBUSY can happen many times in a row.
Instead, SF_NODISKIO is simply disabled for one call once the limit is
reached.

With this change, sendfile(SF_NODISKIO) is now used automatically as long as
sendfile() is enabled, and no longer requires "aio on;".

With sendfile in threads, "task already active" alerts might appear in logs
if a write event happens on the main HTTP/2 connection, triggering a sendfile
in threads while another thread operation is already running.  Observed
with "aio threads; aio_write on; sendfile on;" and with thread event handlers
modified to post a write event to the main HTTP/2 connection (though can
happen without any modifications).

Similarly, sendfile() with AIO preloading on FreeBSD can trigger duplicate
aio operation, resulting in "second aio post" alerts.  This is, however,
harder to reproduce, especially on modern FreeBSD systems, since sendfile()
usually does not return EBUSY.

Fix is to avoid starting a sendfile operation if other thread operation
is active by checking r->aio in the thread handler (and, similarly, in
aio preload handler).  The added check also makes duplicate calls protection
redundant, so it is removed.