For instance, the last_buf flag is used in the http proxy module when
creating HTTP/2 requests to indicate the output is closed.  The flag
is inherited in ngx_output_chain() to a destination buffer when reading
the buffered request body.  Then it is used in the proxy output filter
to mark the last HTTP/2 DATA frame with END_STREAM.

The problem happens when reusing the destination buffer, such as to
re-read the buffered request body on next upstream, because this buffer
may contain a dirty last_buf value, which breaks sending HTTP/2 request
body in multiple output filter calls.

The flush and last_in_chain flags are cleared for consistency.

The XCLIENT command uses xtext encoding for attribute values,
as specified in https://www.postfix.org/XCLIENT_README.html.

Reported by Igor Morgenstern of Aisle Research.

There were a few random places where 0 was being used as a null pointer
constant.

We have a NULL macro for this very purpose, use it.

There is also some interest in actually deprecating the use of 0 as a
null pointer constant in C.

This was found with -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant which was enabled
for C in GCC 15 (not enabled with Wall or Wextra... yet).

Link: <https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=117059>

The support first appeared in OS X Mavericks 10.9 and documented since
OS X Yosemite 10.10.

It has a subtle implementation difference from other operating systems
in that the TCP_KEEPALIVE socket option (used in place of TCP_KEEPIDLE)
isn't inherited from a listening socket to an accepted socket.

An apparent reason for this behaviour is that it might be preserved for
the sake of backward compatibility.  The TCP_KEEPALIVE socket option is
not inherited since appearance in OS X Panther 10.3, which long predates
two other TCP_KEEPINTVL and TCP_KEEPCNT socket options.

Thanks to Andy Pan for initial work.

Previously, the default pool alignment used sizeof(unsigned long), with
the expectation that this would match to a platform word size.  Certain
64-bit platforms prove this assumption wrong by keeping the 32-bit long
type, which is fully compliant with the C standard.

This introduces a possibility of suboptimal misaligned access to the
data allocated with ngx_palloc() on the affected platforms, which is
addressed here by changing the default NGX_ALIGNMENT to a pointer size.

As we override the detection in auto/os/conf for all the machine types
except x86, and Unix-like 64-bit systems prefer the 64-bit long, the
impact of the change should be limited to Win64 x64.